Auditory brain- stem responses in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and effect of therapy

Background: Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is the most common condition that requires medical attention in newborns. The phenomenon of deposited indirect bilirubin in basal ganglia as well as in the vestibule-cochlear nucleus causes a neurological syndrome called kernicterus as well as sensorineural hearing loss. Currently, the most sensitive means of assessing neurotoxicity may be auditory brain stem evoked response [ABR], which shows the predictable early effects of bilirubin toxicity

Aim: This study aims to determine the effect of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia on auditory brainstem response [ABR] and evaluate the effect of treatment of hyperbilirubinemia on ABR findings

Subjects and Methods: This case-control study was performed on30 neonates with pathologic hyperbilirubinemia as the jaundiced group chosen from Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of AL Zahraa Hospital of Al-Azhar University and 20 healthy neonates as the control group chosen from Maternity department of the same hospital during the period from September, 2011 to August, 2012. ABR was performed on both groups. The evaluated variable factors were latency time, inter peak intervals time

Results: The mean latencies of waves I, III and V of ABR were significantly higher in the pathologic hyperbilirubinemia group as compared with the controls and the mean interpeak intervals [IPI] of waves I-III, I-V and III-V of ABR were significantly higher in the pathologic hyperbilirubinemia group as compared with the controls. A total reversibility to normal thresholds [normal hearing] was displayed by 23 [77.00%] and 25 [83.30%] of jaundiced neonates in the right and left ears respectively, while the remaining 7 [23.00%] and 5 [16.70%] of jaundiced neonates displayed partial reversibility [mild to moderate hearing loss] in the right and left ears respectively [p <0"001]

Conclusions: About 90% of neonates with pathologic hyperbilirubinemia demonstrate ABR changes. Most of these changes [about 77%] revert to normal early after therapy

Identification of forensically important arthropods on exposed remains during summer season in northeastern Egypt / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To document the arthropod succession pattern and to identify forensically important species in northeastern Egypt (32° 15' E and 30° 36' N) for the first time.@*METHODS@#Carcasses were exposed in an open area for 60 days during summer season. Ambient daily temperature (maximum and minimum) and relative humidity (RH) were recorded and existing keys were used for identification of different species.@*RESULTS@#During the period of study, the mean of maximum and minimum temperatures were 34.85 °C and 29.2 °C respectively, while the mean of RH was 53.5%. Four stages of decomposition were observed: fresh, bloat, decay and dry. The most abundant orders were found to be Diptera, Coleoptera and Hymenoptera. Arthropods were collected belonging to 4 families of Diptera: Muscidae, Fanniidae, Calliphoridae and Sarcophagidae. While there were 2 families of Coleoptera: Dermestidae and Histeridae. Monomorium species was the only Hymenoptera family in this study.@*CONCLUSION@#The present work provided a basis for further studies dealing with insect colonization of carcasses in different seasons and locations in Egypt.

Comparison of thris-EDTA and threhalose on DNA quality under different storage conditions "medico-legal view"

DNA storage is important to ensure integrity of DNA sample and maintain its availability while investigations. The best known condition for storage of DNA samples is by using Tris-EDT [TE]; as preservative agent, stored at -80[degree sign]C. A potential alternative to TE is trehalose which could stabilize any biological molecule at room temperature [RT]. Assessment of the optimal storage conditions which maintains quality of blood DNA samples with economical advantage. A case-control study using 8 groups of human blood DNA stored at 2 different temperatures [-80 [degree sign]C,RT] and preserved by using TE and trehalose. The effectiveness of storage conditions were tested at certain intervals [at set-up then after 3 and 6 month] using PCR assay of 18s ribosomal gene to evaluate DNA quality. DNA was assessed by running yield gels. PCR success rate were 43.8% and 62.8% using TE and trehalose respectively. After 6 months, PCR success rate were 25% for TE and 62.5% for trehalose [p<0.05]. The relative risk [RR] of poor quality associated with using trehalose is 0.4. Trehalose serves as an alternative to expensive freezer storage. It has a DNA protective effect which helps in preservation even trace DNA while judicial proceedings continue

Relationship between therapeutic nursing modalities among cirrhotic patients and quality of life

Was to assess the relationship between therapeutic nursing modalities among cirrhotic patients and quality of life. Methods: sixty adult male and female liver cirrhotic patients, were selected randomly, free from any associated comorbid diseases as hepatic encephalopathy, congestive heart failure. The patients were interviewed in the medical unit, and instructed about the importance of educational sessions, they were divided into groups, compromising 5 to 7 patients. Matching was done for subjects within each group in relation to age, duration of the disease and educational level, and one close patient's relative attended in the educational sessions. Cirrhotic therapeutic nursing modalities sessions were carried out for the patients in groups in four sessions of one hour twice weekly during two weeks. Cognition about the-disease was assessed and quality of life was evaluated through knowledge assessment sheet and health promotion lifestyle profile before and after the educational sessions. A booklet was prepared in Arabic for each patient containing the main guidelines of the program. Results revealed that more than half of the study subjects were females > 40 years, and most [93.3%] of them were married, non-educated and living in rural areas. Findings revealed also deterioration in knowledge assessment scores and in all quality of life dimensions; self actualization, social, psychological, physical, nutrition, health responsibility of patient with cirrhosis before program in both sexes without any statistical differences. There were significant positive correlations between total knowledge and quality of life dimensions among the study groups treated by different nursing modalities after one and 3 month post educational program. As well, there were significantly better score of all items of nutrition for cirrhotic patients at immediate post program, and at 3 month post program than pre program and better scores of all items of selfcare for cirrhotic patients in post program. It is recommended that assessment of cirrhotic patients health related quality of life [HRQL] should be an essential part of nursing practice and an annual community survey must be done for screening of people who have virus C. Further research should be done to determine effect of application of an educational program about liver cirrhosis upon their Quality of life

Evaluation of parenteral nutrition on the immune system of patients with polytrauma

Nutritional support for trauma and critically ill patients has been advocated to promote immune system recovery and to prevent as much tissue break down and nutritional deficit. The present study aiming to assessment of the parenteral nutrition on the immune system of patient with multiple trauma. Compare the effect of early parenteral nutritional and conventional hospital diet on the nutrition and immunology markers in trauma patients. A convenient sample of 40 severely traumatized patients within 8 hours after trauma they were enrolled sequentially into conventional [n = 20] and total parenteral nutrition [n = 20] groups [TPN]. Criteria for subject inclusion were, age 18-<45 years, Injury severity score [ISS] 20-40 score. Tools of data collection, four tools were utilized to collect data pertinent to the study. These tools were, nutritional assessment sheet, trauma scales and [APACHE] score [checklist], parenteral nutrition plans, evaluation tool which includes [Anthropometric measurement, Laboratory studies Immunological parameters]. Total parenteral nutritional has positive impact for trauma patients on anthropometric measurement, [weight loss, TSF and MAC] which was observed at the end of therapy [7th day.] for the conventional group while there were no changes for the same parameters in TPN group. As regard, laboratory tests, there were significantly increase in the values of total serum protein and albumin among patients of the TPN group after the end of therapy at [7th day] .As regard immune function, it was found that the mean values of [IL-10, IL-6, CD8] were significantly dropped in the TPN group after the end of therapy as compared to the admission. Also there were significantly increase in the values of complement C3, IGA, CD4, and CD4/CD8 ratio among patient of the TPN group at [7th day]. Establishment and implement of standardized protocol of parenteral nutrition support using nutritional screening and physical assessment forms, for the critically ill patients

[Hand and technical skills a suggested strategy for the development of multiple intelligences for kindergarten child]

Since its emergence, multiple intelligences theory has made a revolution in the educational practices, also formed an open challenge for the traditional concept of intelligence. Out of this point the research has chosen the strategy of hand and technical skills as a strategy that fits to kindergarten child for the development of multiple intelligences. A program based on this strategy' was applied on a sample formed children [boys and girls] in an experimental nursery school in Cairo and the results were as follows. There was a significant effect of the results of the program on the development of multiple intelligences of the kindergarten child, Also the results has show there was no significant differences between boy girls concerning multiple intelligences, also there was no significant differences between children aged [4-5] and the children aged [5-6] years

Impact of an instructional scheme on diabetic patients knowledge and skills related to insulin self injection

Education is critical to effective, safe management of patient with diabetes. It is the responsibility of all health professionals but nurses have a special role in empowering patients to maintain the normality of their lives. Diabetic patients need knowledge and skills, nurses are ideally placed to help them confidently and safely manage their conditions throughout their lives. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effect of the instructional scheme upon adult diabetic patient's insulin self injection. Fifty three adult diabetic patients who receive insulin were included in the study. A structional questionnaire and observational checklist were used two times. The first was to assess the patient's knowledge and performance of self-injection to determine the baseline data and educational needs. The second time was used two months after the last session of instruction scheme to evaluate the instruction scheme outcome. It was found that there was a great improvement of the studied sample in relation to knowledge and practice related to insulin self injection. Continuous education and motivation are needed for the maintenance of safe insulin therapy

Effect of bromoxynil herbicide and gibberellic acid on growth characters, yield, chemical composition and associated weeds [chenopodium album L.] of fenugreek plants under salinity irrigation

Two pot experiments were conducted during the two successive seasons 1996/97 and 1997/98 in the green house of the National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza Govemorate to investigate the effect of salinity [control - 2000 and 4000 ppm], Bromoxynil herbicide at the rate of 1 L/fed. and GA 3 [50 ppm] and their interactions on fenugreek growth, yield and chemical composition in addition to their effect on associated weeds [Chenopodiwn albwn L.] The results indicated that in both seasons Bromoxynil alone or in combination with GA 3 under all salinity levels significantly depressed the growth of associated weeds [Chenopodiuin albwn L.] by decreasing their fresh and dry weights. The results also showed that there were significant increases in growth characters, yield, yield components and seed content of N, P, K, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, carbohydrate and protein% in seeds under 2000 ppm salinity level. However, increasing salinity level to 4000 ppm reduced the above mentioned characters except N, Fe, Mn, Zn content and protein% which increased by increasing salinity level. Bromoxynil, alone under all salinity levels showed an insignificant increase in characters which were studied. On the other hand, GA 3 alone or in combination with Bromoxynil gave a significant increase in growth, yield and chemical composition of fenugreek seeds. Spraying GA 3 on plants treated with Bromoxynil, under 2000 salinity level gave the highest values of growth parameters and yield of fenugreek plants